大学生视角下《2010年全国学生体质与健康调研》测量效度的调查与思考

Investigation and Deliberation of the Validity of the National Survey of Students' Physical Health in 2010 from the Perspectives of students

依据测试效度理论,从大学生的视角对《2010年全国学生体质与健康调研》测量效度进行了调查分析。结果显示,《调研》表面效度较高,测量出了欲测量的属性。但单位时间内检测项目过多,不利于学生正常发挥水平。内容效度:《调研》用来测试的指标项与被试通常经历的练习内容有最大程度的相似性,故具有较高的代表性,但覆盖不够全面,尤其机能指标项偏少。施测效度:尽管各点校在具体的测试细节上有所不同,但都能按照《调研》细则中规定的原则执行测试;缺少与学校相关部门之间的宣传与配合是普遍存在的问题,这种宣传的滞后也对被试参测行为产生了消极影响;学生测试心愿与行为表现之间存在较大差异,说明学生体质下降更大的可能或权重是由于个性特点和配合程度造成的。建议加强对《调研》的宣传;完善测试结果"告知"制度;统一测试细则,分单元安排测试项目。

Based on the validity theory, this paper investigated the validity of the National Sur- vey of Students Physical Health in 2010 from the perspectives of students. The investigation result shows that 1） the survey is overall validated and reflected the attributes of the surveyed objects. However the tested items per time unit are excessive. This is not propitious for the students to perform at their normal levels. 2） Content validity ： the survey indexes are relatively highly presentable, i. e. the survey indexes are maximally similar to the exercises mostly con- ducted by the surveyed objects. But the index coverage is not complete, especially lacking of the ones for functions. 3） Survey implementation validity ： Although there were variations in testing details at different schools, their implementations were all conducted according to the require- ments in the survey. There was a lack of publicity of the survey and a prevalent problem was the insufficient cooperation between with the related school departments. The lag in publicity have made negative effect on the surveyed objects：the willingness and behaviors of the students showed big inconsistency. This means that the resulted decrease in the students ~ physical health could be more likely caused by or biased to the degree of cooperation in participation for each individual. It is suggested to enhance the publicity of the survey complete the survey feedback system unify the survey item details, divide units in arrangement for testing items and time.