从构式角度看汉语中的“X不X”

Look at “X-No-X” in Chinese from a Construction Perspective

汉语中的"X不X"及其上下文可看作一个构式,称为"确认(X不X)"构式,表示"发话人"就"言谈内容"通过正反问"X不X"的方式请求受话人的"确认",可进一步细分为"受控确认"、"互控确认"和"发控确认"三个子构式。这三个子构式是历史演变的不同阶段在共时平面沉积的结果,这一语法化过程有其特定的动因和机制。

＂Conform （X-No-X）＂ constructions show that the speaker asks the listener to con- form the conversational contents by X-No-X questions. ＂Conform （X-No-X）＂ constructions can be further subdivided into three sub-constructions： listener-conform constructions, mutual-conform con- structions and speaker-conform constructions. These three sub-constructions are the deposit results in synchronic level of the different stages in historical evolution. This grammaticalization process has its special motivation and mechanism.