沉水植物对沉积物中铜锌铅的富集

Enrichment Effect of Submerged Plants on Cu,Zn,Pb in Sediments

选用4种南方常见水生植物(狐尾藻、轮叶黑藻、金鱼藻和水绵),以郴州重金属污染土样作为底泥,通过4种藻类单独及两两组合的水培方式,在室内模拟条件下培养1周,培养结束,比较各藻类的生长情况;经过浓盐酸+浓硝酸+高氯酸消化处理后,利用原子吸收光谱法测定藻体内铜锌铅3种重金属的含量。结果表明,单独培养和组合培养,藻体均有不同程度的增长,以狐尾藻的长势最好,狐尾藻+轮叶黑藻的培养中狐尾藻的生长百分比达到最大值65.7%。轮叶黑藻+水绵的组合方式可用于治理铜污染严重的区域,轮叶黑藻和水绵体内的铜含量可分别达到4.69mg/kg和20.13mg/kg,富集系数分别为0.041和0.178;金鱼藻+轮叶黑藻的组合方式可用于治理锌污染严重的区域,金鱼藻和轮叶黑藻体内的锌含量可分别达到139.96mg/kg和117.93mg/kg,富集系数分别为0.301和0.253;金鱼藻+狐尾藻的组合方式可用于治理铅污染严重的区域,金鱼藻和狐尾藻体内的铅含量可分别达到302.01 mg/kg和290.33mg/kg,富集系数分别为0.337和0.324;

Southern common aquatic plants（Myriophyllum spicata,Hydrilla verticillata,Ceratophyllum demersum and Spirogyra） were used to investigate the accumulation ability of aquatic plants to heavy metals,utilizing the soil sample in Chenzhou as sediment,cultured by combination of two and individually,training for a week in simulating condition.Then,comparison of the growth of various algae,after treated by hydrochloric acid,nitric acid and high chlorine,digested for a night,then determined by atomic absorption spectrometry.Results indicated that either combination of two or individually,the aquatic plants grew a lot to a certain degree,especially the Myriophyllum spicata,in the group of Myriophyllum spicata cultured with Hydrilla verticillata,the growth percentage could reach to 65.7%.Hydrilla verticillata cultured with Spirogyra could be used to treat copper pollution,their accumulation was 4.69 mg/kg and 20.13 mg/kg,respectively.Bioaccumulation coefficient was 0.041 and 0.178,respectively.Ceratophyllum demersum cultured with Hydrilla verticillata could be used to treat zinc pollution,their accumulation was 139.96 mg/kg and 117.93 mg/kg,respectively.Bioaccumulation coefficient was 0.301 and 0.253,respectively.Ceratophyllum demersum cultured with Myriophyllum spicata could be used to treat lead pollution,their accumulation was 302.01 mg/kg and 290.33 mg/kg,respectively.Bioaccumulation coefficient was 0.337 and 0.324,respectively.