以诗性的思考解构现实的困境和人的精神苦难——论巴赫曼小说的批判解构功能

Deconstruction of Present Dilemma and Human Spiritual Misery with Poetic Thinking——On Deconstructing and Criticizing Functions of Bachmann's Novels

奥地利当代女作家巴赫曼的小说多以死亡为主题,充满了人的生存困惑和苦痛感,对二战以后西方社会现存秩序的解构和批判有力而深刻,产生了广泛的影响。和西方传统小说的叙述方式不同,巴赫曼的小说从一开始就尝试用一种诗化的语言和隐喻的方式来表达她对现实社会的理解,她认为人生的悲痛像一张拉满的弓,人的成长过程就是驯兽的过程,因此适应了人类,就是一种被囚禁和被摧毁。但人不能就此甘于现状,永远忍受这种"侮辱和伤害"的生活;她主张人的思想要努力挣脱世俗和现实,渴望过上一种有尊严的生活。巴赫曼的小说代表了世界正义的力量,是对人类对文明精神的呼唤。

Taking death as the theme of most of her novels, contemporary Austria woman writer Bachmann fills her works with confusion of life and pain, which deeply deconstructs and criticizes the existent order of western society and has exercised extensive influence. Different from the narrative way of western traditional novels, Bachmann＇ s novels attempt to use a kind of poetic language and metaphor to express her understanding of the real world. From her perspective, the sorrow of life seems to be a fully-drawn bow, and the process of a man＇ s growth equals beast training. Therefore, adapting to the human society is a way of captivity and wreck. However, human beings cannot always preserve the status quo, and bear this ＂insult and harm＂ forever. She proposes that human beings should endeavor to get rid of the reality, and long for dignity. Her works represent the righteous might, and are noted for the call of civilization.