广东鹤山酸雨地区针叶林与阔叶林降水化学特征

Chemical properties of the rainfall in the coniferous and broad-leaved forests in acid rain area of Heshan, Guangdong

研究并比较了广东酸雨地区鹤山丘陵综合实验站区内不同类型森林降水的化学特征.结果表明，和大气降水相比，针阔叶林林内降水除NO3外其它离子含量都明显增加，马尾松针叶林冠层穿透雨和树干径流中离子含量增加倍数最高分别为34倍和12倍，阔叶林穿透雨和树干径流中离子含量增加倍数最高分别为8倍和10倍，针叶林降水比阔叶林降水离子富集程度较为显著．林内降水中马尾松针叶林树干径流离子总含量小于穿透雨离子总含量，阔叶林穿透雨离子总含量小于树干径流离子总含量.不同阔叶林型林内降水中离子含量是不同的.针叶林林内降水有进一步酸化趋势.林内降水离子富集导致森林冠层正负电荷数不平衡，营养离子大量淋失，使林冠层养分亏损．

In this paper the study on the chemical properties of the rainfall in different types of forests in the integrated experiment station of acid rain area are carried out in hilly land of Heshan, Guangdong. The results show tha the concentrations of all ions in the rainfall in both coniferous and broad-leaved forests remarkably increase with an exception of NO. Compared to the atmospheric rainfall, the largest concentration of ions increases up to 34 times in the canopy throughfall and 12 times in the stem flow in the Masson pine forest; while 8 and 10 times in the broad-leaved forests respectively. The total amount of ions in the canopy throughfall is higher than that in the stem flow in the Masson pine forest; while it is contrary in the broad-leaved forests. The ion concentration in the rainfall in differen broad-leaved forest is different. The rainfall in coniferous forest trends toward further acidified. Increase of the total ion amount in the rainfall in forests leads to non-balance of cation and anion load in the canopy of forest causing a large amount of nutrient elements leaching and losing