条件联结觉察在评价性条件反射中的作用

The Role of Contingency Awareness in Evaluative Conditioning

评价性条件反射(Evaluative Conditioning,EC)指通过将一个中性刺激和一个情绪性刺激重复配对,使中性刺激获得情绪性刺激的情感性评价。条件联结觉察(Contingency Awareness)指被试觉察到中性刺激和情绪性刺激的配对规律。当前,条件联结觉察在EC中的作用尚存争议。一些研究证明,条件联结觉察独立于EC,甚至阻碍了EC;另一些研究则表明,条件联结觉察促进EC的发生;还有些研究发现条件联结觉察在EC中的作用受其他变量的调节。因此,在将来的研究中,需发展出更准确的觉察测量、检验其他变量的调节作用、加强多感觉通道的EC研究、探索EC的加工机制。

Evaluative Conditioning （EC） refers to the transformation of affect from a positive or negative stimulus （US） to a neutral stimulus （CS） as the result of paring US with CS repeatedly. Contingency awareness refers to the knowledge of the paring rules between US and CS, and its effect on EC are still controversial. Some findings claim that contingency awareness is independent of EC, and even impede EC. However, some studies show that contingency awareness facilitates the occurrence of EC; at the same time, some findings find that the function of contingency awareness acting on EC is mediated by other variables. On the basis of all the evidences, we propose some new directions of the future research in this field including developing more accurate measurement of contingency awareness, verifying the accommodation of other variables, strengthening multi-modal studies, and exploring the processing mechanism.