不同生计方式农户的环境感知——以甘南高原为例

Environmental perception of farmers of different livelihood strategies: a case of Gannan Plateau

准确的环境感知是合理环境行为的前提,利用参与式农村评估方法,研究了甘南高原不同生计方式农户的环境感知。结果发现:(1)甘南高原农户生计方式较单一,生计多样化指数仅为1.76,纯牧区、半农半牧区、农区农户的非农化水平依次提高,但非农活动均以外出打工为主;(2)随着非农化水平的提高,农户的生态关注度、生态保护认知度以及生态变化感知度发生有规律变化,纯农户、兼业户、非农户的生态关注度、生态恶化感知度依次降低,但生态保护认知度依次增强;3)非农户、兼业户的环保活动参与度强于纯农户。

Environmental perception has been drowning more and more attention all over the world. Through stratified random sampling survey, participatory rural appraisal and investigation of plots, 117 household are investigated and sampled. Farmers are divided into three types ：the farmer household, the household with combined occupation and the off farming household. Using the investigation data, the paper analyzes the environmental perception of the farmers of different livelihood strategies in the Gannan Plateau. The results show： （1）the farmers＇ livelihood diversification is low, the livelihood diversification index of the farmers is 1.76, and of in the pure pasturing area, the farming-pastoral area and the farming area, the non-agricultural level is higher than its predecessor, but the non-agricuhural activity is mainly doing work for others; （：2） the farmers＇ ecological attention is high, but the cognition of ecology protection is low, the ecological attention declines from the farmer household to the household with combined occupation and then to the off farming household,the index of ecological attention is 2.80,2.72 and 2.65 respectively, but the cognition of ecology protection increases accordingly, the index of the cognition is 2.00,2.22 and 2.26 respectively; （3） The majority of interviewees （ nearly 76.92 per cent） consider that the local eco-environment is worse than recent years before, the farmer household＇ environmental deterioration perception is the first, the secondary is the household with combined occupation, the third is the off farming household,the index of ecological change perception is 1.20,1.37 and 1.44;（4）The perception of grassland degradation and water resource shortage declines from the farmer household to the household with combined occupation and then to the off farming household;（5 ）The majority of interviewees （nearly 86.32 per cent） are willing to take part in the environment protection activity, the participation willing of the household with combined occupation is higher than the off farming household and the farmer household.