新疆地区维吾尔族与汉族巨幼细胞性贫血514例临床及实验分析

Experimental and clinical analysis of 514 patients with megaloblastic anemia in the Han and Uygur nationalities in Xinjiang

目的分析新疆地区维吾尔族(维族)与汉族巨幼细胞性贫血(MBA)患者的临床及实验室特点。方法回顾性分析1985—2010年新疆医科大学第一附属医院经临床及实验室诊断确诊的514例MBA患者,其中维吾尔族138例,汉族376例。分别比较维、汉族MBA患者的患病年龄、临床特征及相关实验室检查特点,并对维、汉族患者中妊娠期妇女的就诊年龄及患病人数所占的比例进行比较。结果 (1)维族患者患病年龄明显低于汉族(P<0.01)。(2)与汉族比较,维族患者中出现头晕、乏力症状者所占的比例明显较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但神经系统及其他相关症状差异无显著性(P>0.05)。(3)维族妊娠期妇女患病人数所占的比例及患病年龄均明显高于汉族患者(P<0.01)。(4)维族患者血红蛋白含量明显降低(P<0.05),巨核细胞功能明显差于汉族患者(P<0.05)。结论新疆地区维族、汉族MBA患者其临床表现及实验室特点存在明显不同,该地区有关族、汉族MBA的研究结果对疾病的早期预防具有重要临床意义。

Objective To investigate the clinical and laboratory characteristics of megaloblastic anemia（MBA） between Uygur and Han nationality in Xinjiang.Methods The 514 patients with MBA were analyzed retrospectively,including 138 Uygur nationality and 376 Han nationality.Compared between the two groups of illness age,clinical features and laboratory characteristics,then analyzed the pregnancy women′s illness age and proportion in two groups.Results（1）Compared with two groups,the medical age of Uygur nationality was obviously lower than the Han nationality（P0.01）.（2） Compared with the Han nationality,the proportion of patients with giddy,fatigue symptoms in Uygur was significantly lower,the difference had statistically significant（P0.01）,but the nervous system and any other clinical symptoms were not significantly difference（P0.05） with Han nationality.（3） Both the proportion and sicken age of pregnancy in Uygur nationality were significantly higher than Han nationality（P0.01）.（4） The hemoglobin of Uygur patients decreased obviously（P0.05）,moreover,the megakaryocytes function was statistically significant（P0.05） contrast to Han nationality.Conclusion It has obvious difference both the clinical manifestations and laboratory features for patients with MBA between Uygur and Han nationality in Xinjiang.It has the important practical significance on disease early prevention to investigate the studies concerns MBA between Uygur and Han in this area.