《北京公约》中的“非法运输危险物品”犯罪分析

On the Unlawful Transportation of Dangerous Materials Offence in Beijing Convention

"非法运输危险物品"犯罪是《北京公约》制定过程中最具争议的议题,主要问题集中在是否超越了"民用航空安全"的限度、是否与其他公约类似规定保持统一以及是否明确了行为人的"知情条件"三个方面。与此同时,这一类罪名涉及到与国内刑法衔接的问题。我国《刑法》规定的罪名基本能涵盖公约中非法运输危险物质的犯罪种类。但是,当前《刑法》一方面缺乏对"核材料"等概念的明确界定,另一方面"危险物质"种类与公约存在一定差异——难以涵盖生产特殊裂变物质的设备、材料或生化核武器的重要设备等物品,因此还需要进一步完善我国《刑法》的具体规定。

In the course of constituting Beijing convention, unlawful transportation of dangerous materials offence is one of the most disputed topics. Three important questions, the extent of civil aviation security, the uniform of other similar conventions and the intention of criminal are drastically argued by the majority meeting participates. Certainly, the offence of unlawful transportation of dangerous materials should be linked up with domestic criminal law. However, there is absent the clear definition about some concepts, such as nuclear materials, in China＇s criminal law. On the other hand, there are several differences about the category of dangerous goods between Beijing convention and the Criminal Law. Therefore, we should take the effective steps to improve related articles in Criminal code.