覆土层中细菌对暗褐网柄牛肝菌子实体生长的影响

Effect of bacteria in the casing soil for fruit of Phlebopus portentosus

【目的】筛选对暗褐网柄牛肝菌菌丝及子实体生长有促进作用的细菌单菌株,并对其进行鉴定。【方法】将3株细菌菌株C1、T24、T34及引进4株细菌菌株1B00263、1A0081、1A03263、1A01082单菌株添加到覆土层,定期测覆土层菌丝生长长度、原基形成时间、原基数目、子实体成熟数及子实体重。选出对暗褐网柄牛肝菌菌丝及子实体生长有促进作用的菌株,并采用分子生物学方法对其进行鉴定。【结果】添加T34菌株的处理在暗褐网柄牛肝菌子实体整个形成过程中起着重要的作用,不仅对覆土层暗褐网柄牛肝菌菌丝生长有显著促进作用,对子实体形成、平均单菇重也有显著促进作用;添加C1、T24、1A01082、1B00263、1A03263单菌株的处理对覆土层暗褐网柄牛肝菌菌丝的生长有显著的促进作用;添加1A00081、1B00263、C1、1A03263单菌株的处理,原基形成时间(19.86 24.14 d)比对照(27.00 d)提前7 3 d,对暗褐网柄牛肝菌原基的形成也有促进作用。C1、T24、T34对暗褐网柄牛肝菌菌丝、子实体的生长起着不同程度的促进作用,这3株细菌经分子生物学鉴定,结果为:C1为短杆菌属(Brevibacterium sp.),T34为芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus sp.),T24的种属关系还有待进一步确定。【结论】7株细菌单菌株添加到覆土层,研究其对暗褐网柄牛肝菌菌丝及子实体生长的影响。最终筛选到一株细菌菌株T34(芽孢杆菌属Bacillus sp.),对暗褐网柄牛肝菌菌丝及子实体的生长均有显著的促进作用。

[Objective] Screened bacterial strains which had a significant effect on mycelia and fruit body growth, and further made species identification. [Methods] Added the single strain of three bacterial strains C 1, T24, T34 and four introduced bacterial strains 1B00263, 1A0081, 1A03263, 1A01082 to the casing layer, and then regular survey was mad, including the length of mycelia growth, time for primodia to emerge, number of primodia, and number and weight of mature fruit bodies. After the bacterial strains that had a significant effect on mycelia and fruit body growth were screened, molecular biology identification was further made. [Results] Adding T34 strain had a great effect on the fruit body. T34 strain not only could promote the growth of fruit bodies, but also played an important role in promoting fruit body formation and increasing the weight of individuals, indicating T34 was an ideal bacterial strain. Adding C1, T24, 1A01082, 1B00263 and 1A03263 had significant effects on fruit body growth. Meantime, adding 1A00081, 1B00263, C1 and 1A03263 could shorten the time for primodia to emerge （treatment 19.86-24.14 d and control 27.00 d）. C1, T24 and T34, which had different effect degrees of on the growth of mycelia and fruit body, were further made molecular biology identification. The identification results were as follows： C1 belongs to Brevibacterium, T34 belongs to Bacillus, and T24 needs to be further determined. [Conclusion] By adding seven bacterial strains to the casing soil, we studied their effects on the growth of mycelia and fruiting body of casing soil Phlebopus portentosus. In result T34 （Bacillus sp.） was screened as the one bacterial strain that had a significant promotional effect on both mycelia and fruit body growth.