金属还原菌希瓦氏菌厌氧呼吸能力及其在环境修复中的研究进展

Anaerobic respiratory capabilities of a metal-reducing microorganism Shewanella and its application in environmental remediation

Shewanella oneidensis MR-1是一种模式金属还原菌,它能够在厌氧条件下,将多种金属化合物和人工合成染料等作为电子受体还原代谢。因此,该菌常常被用于生态修复等研究。厌氧条件下,S.oneidensis MR-1能够将细胞质内或细胞内膜产生的电子通过定位于细胞内膜、细胞膜周质和细胞外膜上的c-血红色素蛋白或还原酶所组成的具有多样性的电子传递系统,最终传递到存在于细菌细胞外环境中的电子受体。通过对多种电子传递过程的介绍,进一步阐明其对污染物修复和纳米材料合成的机理,从而为未来对该类微生物的利用和开发提供更为充分的理论依据。

Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, a model dissimilatory metal-reducing bacterium, can effectively utilize many metal compounds and artificial synthetic dyes as electron acceptors to anaerobic respiration. Therefore, it is often used in the study of environmental remediation. Under anaerobic condition, electrons, produced by catabolism of carbon source in cytoplasm of S. oneidensis MR-1, are transferred through multiple electron transfer systems which were composed by 42 types of c-type cytochromes or reductases located in inner membrane to outer membrane, and finally to electron acceptors out of the cells. In this review, types of electron transfer mechanism for anaerobic respiration are introduced to facilitate a deeper understand- ing to the mechanism of pollutant biodegradation and nanomaterial synthesis. Thus, this re- view is beneficial to providing an adequate theoretical basis for the application of this strain in bioremediation