具有有序宏观结构纳米碳纤维的制备及其性能应用

Fabrication of carbon nanofibers with ordered macroscopic structure and its application

以CH4为碳源,金属Ni为催化剂,采用化学气相沉积法(CVD)在有序宏观基体材料(SiO2纤维,Al2O3纤维)上制备出纳米碳纤维。利用场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、拉曼光谱(Raman)以及热重分析(TG)对产物进行了微观形貌和结构的检测。结果表明,所制备的纳米碳纤维具有取向性,能够在有序宏观基体材料上形成致密有序的纳米碳纤维层;与Al2O3纤维相比,SiO2纤维更易于生成高质量的纳米碳纤维;所制备的纳米碳纤维遵循顶端生长模式。此外,采用纳米碳纤维作模板可以原位合成出具有有序宏观结构的纳米LaMnO3,它能明显降低碳黑颗粒的起燃温度,具有潜在的应用前景。

Carbon nanofibers （CNFs） were synthesized on ordered macroscopic substrates （silica fiber, alumina fiber） via chemical vapor deposition （CVD） technique, by using CH4 as carbon resource and nickel as catalyst. Field emission scanning electron microscopy （FE-SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, Raman spectra and thermal gravimetric analysis （TG） were employed to investigate the morphologies, structure and phases of the obtained CNFs. The results showed that CNFs grew with orientation, dense and orderly CNFs layer was formed on the ordered macroscopic substrates. Compared with alumina fiber, silica fiber tended to easily generate high quality CNFs. The obtained CNFs followed the tip-growing mode. In addition, nanofibrous LaMnO3 with ordered macroscopic shapes could be obtained in situ by using CNFs as template. It turned out that the obtained nanofibrous LaMnO3 can greatly decrease the combustion temperature of soot, which had potential application prospects.