敦煌宗教文化的地理学研究

Reilgious Cultural Geography of Dunhuang

敦煌宗教文化包括佛道教建筑、艺术、文字史料及各种相关理念 ,它对东亚、中亚、印度次大陆以及欧洲的社会发展都曾有过不同程度的影响。分析表明敦煌佛道教的出现和繁荣过程 ,受到自然环境的深刻影响。敦煌的地理区位决定了它居于中原佛道教、西域伊斯兰教及青藏高原喇嘛教三大宗教文化区的交互部位。敦煌的自然环境有助于佛道教在此扎根与繁盛。

Dunhuang religious culture includes abundant contents such as religious constructions, arts,ancient documents and various beliefs which had affected social evolution in different degrees in the East and the Middle Asia, the India subcontinent as well as parts of Europe. The paper analyses the formation and prosperous process of Buddhism and Taoism in Dunhuang, and formation process of three dominant religious cultural areas in west China, and points out the relationship between the processes and the natural environment. Geographic location of Dunhuang sits at the conjunctive point of three religious areas of China, which are the central plain Buddism and Talism,the western China Moslenism, and the Tibetan plateau Lamaism. The natural condition fostered Buddism and Taoism in Dunhuang in the past. The well preserved and fossilized culture in Dunhuang also has benefitted from special geographic location and desert environmant here.