综合护理干预对早产儿喂养不耐受的应用观察

Observation of comprehensive nursing intervention on feeding intolerance in preterm infants

目的探讨综合护理干预措施对早产儿喂养不耐受的效果。方法收集2010年1月至2012年2月住院出现喂养不耐受的早产儿40例,随机分为干预组和对照组各20例,对照组采取早产儿常规喂养护理,干预组在对照组治疗护理的基础上给予综合护理干预。温箱遮光造成黑暗环境;鸟巢围拢患儿安置合适体位;非营养性吸吮;生后5d内注射泵微量喂养,5～7d后重力鼻饲胃管喂养,适量加奶,逐渐过渡到常规经口喂养的方法。结果干预组患儿给予综合护理干预后腹胀消失时间短,胃内储留量少,体重增长较对照组明显,达到全胃肠内营养时间较短,差异均有统计学意义。结论温箱遮光、合适体位、非营养性吸吮、早期微量喂养逐渐过渡到常规经口喂养的方法,会有效减少喂养不耐受的发生率,有利于早产儿的生长发育。

Objective To explore the effect of comprehensive nursing intervention on feed- ing intolerance in preterm infants. Method Forty preterm infants with feeding intolerance form January 2010 to February 2012 were selected and randomly divided into intervention group and con- trol group with 20 cases in each group. The control group received conventional feeding nursing while the intervention group received additional comprehensive nursing intervention on the basis of treatment and nursing of the control group. The conventional nursing included dark surroundings created by incubator dodging, bird＇ s nest surrounding infants for proper posture, non nutritional sucking, microdosis feeding with injection pump in 5 days after delivery, feeding with gravity naso- gastric tube after 5 to 7 days, proper addition of milk, and gradual transition to conventional oral feeding method in the end. Results Compared with the control group, the abdominal distention in the intervention group disappeared faster, retention of food in the stomach became less, body weights increased obviously and duration of total gastrointestinal nutrition was shorter. There were statistical differences between the two groups. Conclusion Method of incubator dodging, proper posture, non nutritional sucking, microdosis feeding and gradual transition to conventional oral feed- ing can effectively reduce the incidence of feeding intolerance, which is beneficial to the growth and development of preterm infants.