小儿开放性颅脑损伤的急救护理

Emergency nursing for children with open craniocerebral injury

目的探讨小儿开放性颅脑损伤的早期急救与护理,提高抢救成功率及护理质量。方法对32例14岁以下开放性颅脑损伤患儿提供迅速有效的急救措施,严密观察病情变化,充分氧供,保持呼吸道通畅,同时给予精心护理。结果 32例患儿中,痊愈28例,残愈2例,表现为轻、中度智力障碍,语言功能及肢体功能障碍;死亡2例,1例死于合并脑干损伤,1例死于肺挫伤并感染致呼吸衰竭。结论通过早期积极抢救及精心护理可提高颅脑损伤患儿抢救成功率,减少并发症的发生,降低致残率,促进患儿康复。

Objective To explore early emergency treatment and nursing for children with open craniocerebral injury and improve the success rate of rescue and nursing quality. Methods 32 children with open craniocerebral injury under age of 14 were treated with rapid and effective rescue measures, and the changes of disease condition were monitored strictly, furthermore sufficient oxy- gen supply, unobstructed respiratory tract and careful nursing should be kept as well. Results A- mong 32 children, 28 children healed totally, 2 children healed with sequelae of mild or moderate dysgnosia, linguistic dysfunction and limbs disturbance; 2 children died, one child died of combined brain stem injury, the other died of respiratory failure caused by pulmonary contusion and secondary infection. Conclusion Early emergency treatment and careful nursing can improve the success rate of rescue for craniocerebral injury children, reduce complications and disability rate as well as pro- mote children＇s rehabilitations.