长江三角洲城市旅游与城市发展协调性及影响因素

Coordination and Influencing Factors between Urban Tourism and Urban Development in the Yangtze River Delta

城市旅游业作为城市服务业的重要部门,是推动城市发展的后续动力。运用信息熵赋权法和TOPSIS法相结合,从经济水平、社会发展、公共交通、城市绿化、环境保护、旅游发展6个方面对长江三角洲2003年和2008年的城市旅游与城市发展的协调性进行分析,借助ArcGIS软件的空间聚类法分析了城市旅游与城市发展协调水平的空间格局及演变,最后探讨影响因素。结果表明:长江三角洲16城市的城市旅游协调水平在研究期间相对稳定,具体可被划分为4个等级,第一、二等级城市数量较少,得分显著高于第三、四等级城市。城市旅游协调水平空间上存在较大差异,北部城市得分高于南部城市,基本格局保持稳定,呈现以上海、南京、杭州三个城市为核心向外围边缘城市的空间衰减。产业发展、城市旅游发展模式、城市旅游重大项目投资、区位条件是长江三角洲城市旅游协调水平产生空间分化的主要影响因素,可制定以城市旅游发展为手段的方式推动城市发展,促进区域均衡发展。

As an important department of urban service industry, urban tourism is a subsequent power which promotes the urban development. Using the methods of Entropy and TOPSIS, the paper analyzes the coordination level between urban tourism and urban development in 2003 and 2008 of the Yangtze River Delta in six aspects ： economic level, social development, public trans- portation, urban afforestation, environmental protection and tourism development. With the help of ArcGIS software, it uses the spatial clustering method, studying the spatial pattern and evolution of coordination level between urban tourism and urban development. The results show that the urban tourism coordination level has a good stability in 2003 and 2008, and the cities in the Yangtze River Delta can be divided into four levels. The number of the cities of the first and the second levels is less, but their scores are higher than the cities of the third and the fourth levels. The city number of the third and fourth levels is much more which accounts for more than 70% of all cities. Since 2003, the cities with higher levels of urban tourism coordination include Shanghai, Hangzhou, Suzhou, Wuxi, etc., scoring between 0. 2 - 0. 9, and the lower level of the cities include Jiaxing, Shaoxing, Zhoushan, Taizhou, etc., scoring lower than 0. 2. The urban tourism coordination level of Shanghai is significantly higher than the other 15 cities, demonstrating that disparity of tourism development level is obvious. There is a larger spatial differences in the coordination level between urban tourism and urban development, the cities in the north score higher than that in the south, and the spatial distribution pattern remains stable： Shanghai, Nanjing and Hangzhou are the core cities in the Yangtze River Delta according to the score of urban tourism coordination level, presenting an attenuation properties from the core cities to the periphery and the edge cities. Industrial development, the development pattern of urban tourism, the major pro- ject investment of urban tourism and location are the main influential factors that contribute to the spatial distribution differentiation on the coordination level between urban tourism and urban development in the Yangtze River Delta, which can be targeted to the formulation of the urban tourism as a means of promoting urban development way, so as to promote the regional balanced develooment.