公共池塘资源可持续管理的理论框架

Theoretical Framework for Sustainable Governance of Common-Pool Resource

由于自然科学和社会科学的学科视角和研究方法各异,使得我们对公共池塘资源管理问题的理解不够系统和全面。论文在综述公共池塘资源和社会-生态系统管理理论的基础上,辨析了公共池塘资源和社会-生态系统的概念;从识别影响公共池塘资源可持续管理的变量出发,梳理了社会-生态系统分析框架的演变及其局限性,指出社会-生态系统可持续发展分析框架为地理学、生态学、经济学、自然资源学、社会学等学科的交流和融合提供了统一的平台,并为资源管理、政策分析和案例比较分析等的理论和方法提供了新的研究思路。该框架对现阶段我国资源管理政策的制定有重要借鉴意义。

The world is currently threatened by considerable damage to or losses of many natural resources, including fisheries, lakes, and forests, as well as experiencing major reductions in biodiversity and the threat of massive climatic change. Understanding of the processes that lead to improvements in or deterioration of natural resources is limited, because scientific disciplines use different concepts and languages to describe and explain complex social-ecological systems （SESs）. Based on collective lectures about Common-Pool Resources （CPRs） management and Social-Ecological Systems （SESs） analysis framework, the concepts of CPRs and SESs were re- viewed and analyzed. After identifying the variables which impact the sustainable development of CPRs, the paper presented the evolution and limitation of the framework for analyzing sustainability of SESs. Three stages were summarized, as the institutional analysis and development framework, the diagnostic framework and the framework for analyzing sustainability of SESs. The framework for analyzing sustainability of SESs provided a unified platform which is helpful for the integration of geography, ecology, economics, environmental science, sociology, and other disciplinary. And it also provided a variety of new methods and ways of thinking for resource man- agement, policy analysis, comparative case analysis.