MSCT成像在外中耳先天畸形诊断中的价值

Value of MSCT in diagnosis of congenital malformations of external auditory canal and middle ear

目的探讨先天性外耳道、中耳畸形及伴发畸形的MSCT征象,并探讨其临床价值。方法回顾性分析经MSCT诊断的先天性外耳、中耳畸形患者59例(71耳)的临床资料。患耳自幼听力下降,纯音听力测试为不同程度的传导性耳聋。结果①外耳道:骨性闭锁36耳,膜性闭锁4耳,骨性狭窄16耳,骨性狭窄、膜性闭锁3耳。②中耳:鼓室腔狭小35耳,乳突窦未发育7耳,锤砧关节融合25耳,砧骨长脚发育不全12耳,镫骨未发育7耳,听小骨未发育3耳。③伴发畸形或变异:颈静脉球窝高位19耳,颈静脉球裸露13耳,乙状窦压迹前位7耳,中颅窝脑板低位8耳,鼓室盖骨质缺如10耳。结论 MSCT可获得外耳、中耳的详细影像学资料,明确外耳畸形类型、闭锁板的厚度、鼓室腔及听小骨畸形的情况、面神经管的位置以及有无伴发畸形等,为先天性外中耳畸形的诊断和听力重建手术提供依据。

Objective To investigate the MSCT findings of congenital malformations of the external auditory canal （EAC） and middle ear, and their clinical values. Methods The clinical data of 59 cases of congenital malformations of EAC anditory middle ear were analyzed retrospectively. Axial images were performed in fifty-nine patients. Results Bony atresia of EAC was found in 36 ears, membranous atresia in 4 ears, bony stenosis in 16 ears, and membranous atresia and bony stenosis simultane- ously in 3 ears. Stenosis of the tympanum cavity was demonstrated in 35 ears, mastoid antrum absence in 7 ears, fused malleoin- cudal articulation in 25 ears. Conclusion MSCT could provide detailed information of external auditory canal and middle ear, demonstrate congenital malformations of EAC, which could provide evidence for diagnosis.