四项素质训练对体育高考学生身体成分的影响

The Influence of Four Physical Qualities Training on Body Composition in Sports Students

目的:旨在了解高考压力下,青春发育后期体育考生和非体育考生的身体机能状况,重点探讨四项素质训练对体育考生身体成分产生的影响。方法:采用韩国杰文VENUS5.5体成分分析仪分别对受试者进行9月份及次年4月份体育高考后的测试。结果:男、女两实验组训练前后身体成分脂肪重量、体脂百分比、腰臀比训练后降低,肌肉含量增高;而两对照组训练前后身体成分各指标变化无显著性差异。实验组与对照组比较,身体水分、脂肪重量、矿物质、体脂百分比、腰臀比有显著性差异,p<0.05。结论:1.四项素质锻炼对青春后期体育考生身体成分脂肪含量、体脂百分比、腰臀比和肌肉重量影响较大,而对体重指数影响不大。2.体育考生和非体育考生尽管发育及营养正常,但运动方式的不同,将会对身体成分产生不同的影响。

Objective： This article aims to evaluate the physical function of sports students and non-sports students who are under the high pressure of college entrance examination,mainly focuses on the relationship between the four physical qualities.Methods： The index of subjects were measured in September and April of the year following after the sports college entrance test by VENUS 5.5 body composition analyzer made in Korea.Results：After training the body composition of fat weight,body fat percentage,and waist-to-hip ratio were reduced in both male and female experimental groups,but the muscle content increased;while the two control groups was no significant difference in body composition indicators change before and after training.There were significant differences between the control group and experimental group in the body water,fat weight,minerals,body fat percentage,and waist-to-hip ratio（p0.05）.Conclusion： 1.After training,body fat percentage and waist to hip ratio decrease,while muscle content increases（p0.05）.Exercise in late youth can help to reduce fat but has no obvious influence on body weight.2.Sports students and non-sports students both develop well but different ways of exercises will affect body composition differently.