非饱和土直渗仪的研制与应用

DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF VERTICAL PERMEAMETER ON UNSATURATED SOIL

基于对非饱和土-黄土灾害的认识,设计了一套非饱和土垂直渗流实验仪。实验仪器包含降雨、径流、渗流(取样)以及富集等装置,可以较好地模拟大气降水、灌溉水等在黄土中入渗、富集过程,获得土体渗流路径、入渗锋面移动速度、渗透水量等参数;可以建立径流量-时间关系(径流速度)、雨水入渗锋面位移-时间关系(渗流速度)、渗流量-时间关系(富集速度),对黄土灾害(滑坡、崩塌、泥流等)研究具有重要意义。采用实地原状黄土试样进行实验,结果表明:实验仪器能够较好获取所需要的黄土渗透参数,简单而有效。

Based on unsaturated soil recognition of loess disasters, this paper designs a vertical permeameter in strument on unsaturated soil. Experiment instrument consists of precipitation, runoff, seepage（sampling） and en richment devices. It has important significance for studying on loess disasters and to simulate permeation process in loess under atmospheric precipitation and irrigation water. It can obtain parameters of seepage path, infiltration front velocity and water volume. The paper has established correlation between runoff volume and time （ runoff ve locity）, displacement of infiltration front and time （seepage velocity）, seepage volume and times （enrichment veloci ty）. Experiments are conducted using unsaturated intact loess. The test results show that the experiment instrument is simple and useful, and can obtain permeation parameters of loess better.