南京明城墙植被考察暨城墙本体生态评估

Investigation of Vegetation Resources on City Wall of the Ming Dynasty in Nanjing City and Ecological Evaluation of the City Wall

采用踏勘的方式详细调查了南京现存明城墙中5段的墙体植物类群,发现共计60科、93属、99种植物,其中菊科和禾本科出现最多。墙体植物的特点是耐旱、早熟,种子能够进入墙体缝隙中发育生长,根系能分泌酸性物质以从墙体砖块中获取营养。各段明城墙植被均有差异,人为干扰对明城墙植物类群有明显影响。在此基础上得出结论:城墙上生长的植物对城墙有巨大危害,尤其是植物根系对墙体破坏严重,并据此提出进一步的研究和治理建议,以期为南京明城墙的保护提供科学依据。

Phyto-groups on 5 remained city wall sections of the Ming Dynasty in Nanjing City was investigated through on-the-spot survey,99 species of 93 genera,60 families were found,and species of Asteraceae and Poaceae accounted for the largest ratio.Plants on the city wall are characterized by strong drought resistance and precocity,their seeds can grow out of the wall cracks,and roots secrete acidoid and obtain nutrients from wall bricks.Plants on different wall sections are different,and human interventions influence phyto-groups on the city wall greatly.On this basis,it was concluded that plants had negative influence on city wall,especially plant roots destroyed the wall seriously.Corresponding researches were carried out and prevention suggestions proposed to provide scientific support for the protection of ancient city walls in Nanjing City.