不同类型植被恢复土壤入渗性研究

Study about Soil Water Infiltration under Different Types of Vegetation Restoration

[目的]探讨土壤—植被系统涵养水源的能力。[方法]在退耕地上定位安装渗透筒,测定不同植被恢复后土壤入渗性能。[结果]不同植被恢复类型土壤入渗性能存在显著差异,以苦竹+牛鞭草植被类型土壤初渗率和稳渗率最高,相比农耕地已初显植被恢复重建生态的功效;而桦木+牛鞭草、杂交竹+牛鞭草植被恢复类型土壤入渗率与农耕地无显著差异,短期内这2种植被恢复对土壤结构的改良效益尚不明显。[结论]退耕还林对土壤结构系统的改良与植被类型的不同有较大关系,也将会是一个较长时间的过程,同时还需加强土壤—植被生态系统的管理才能实现。

[Objective]Analyze water conservation capacity of the soil-vegetation system under different vegetation restoration.[Method]Infiltration tube was installed to determine the soil infiltration property.[Result]Soil infiltration property of each vegetation type was different significantly,soil initial infiltration rate and soil steady infiltration rate of Pleioblastus＋Hemarthria compressa（L.f） stand was higher than others,compared to the farmland,it had appeared the ecological effects in the beginning after the vegetation rebuild.But there was no obviously different between Betula luminifera＋H.compressa（L.f）,Bambusa pervariabilis x Dendrocala mopsis ＋ H.compressa（L.f） and farmland,this meant the soil structure improving effects of these two vegetation restoration types was not obvious.[Conclusion]Soil structure improving effect was determined by the type of vegetation,also would last a long time,and reasonable eco-system managements were also needed to the soil-vegetation system.