毛乌素沙地砒砂岩与沙快速复配成土核心技术研究

Research on the Core Technology of Remixing Soil by Soft Rock and Sand in the Maowusu Sand Land Region

研究目的:以毛乌素沙地土地整治为目标,将制约该区域的"两害"砒砂岩和沙作为研究对象,破解同类地区土地整治的技术难题,使沙地成为耕地开发的重要后备资源。研究方法:室内实验和田间试验法,实证分析法。研究结果:(1)首次发现了砒砂岩与沙两种物质结构在成土中的互补性,获取了适宜不同农作物生长需求的砒砂岩与沙组合配方;(2)提出了在生态脆弱区水土耦合高效利用模式;(3)形成了系统完整的砒砂岩与沙复配成土的技术体系;(4)创新性实施了标准化、规模化的成土造地工程,成功实现了沙地的资源化利用,形成了毛乌素沙地节水高效的高标准农田建设与现代化经营为一体的土地综合整治新模式。研究结论:通过科学合理的砒砂岩和沙配比,可实现砒砂岩和沙资源化利用并使荒漠变为良田,为毛乌素沙地的综合开发利用提供了技术支撑。

The purpose of this paper is to resolve the technique problem of land consolidation in Maowusu Sand Land Io make lhe sand land inlo important reserve resources for farmland development aiming to execute the land tonsolidalion in MaowHsu Sand I,and by the material of soft rock antt sand which are called ＂two calamities＂ together. Methods employed include laboratory experiment, field experiment and empirical analysis. The results indicate： l ） The complementarity of properlies in material structure is first found, and the composition ratios by soft rock to sand fit for different crops are obtained; 2 ） The model of effective utilization of water and soil coupling in ecological fragile region is proposed; 3 ） The lechnique system of remixed soil by soft rock and sand is completely researched; 4） Standardized and sweeping land consolidation project is innovatively operated, which realizes utilization of sand land successfully,and a new model of land consolidation integrating the constnlction of water-saving efficient and high-standard farmland with modern ol）eration is made out. It is concluded that resourceful utilization of soft rock and sand could he re^dized with scientific ratio by soft rock to sand to make the desert into farmland, which supplies technical supporl for comp1~hensive development of Maosuwu Sand Land.