论宋代妇女与佛教

Women in Song Dynasty and Buddhism

在佛教世俗化的背景下,宋代各阶层有很多信仰佛教的妇女。她们信仰佛教的实践方式多种多样,有出家为尼,虔诚参与各类佛教节日活动,营建佛寺、捐钱造像、饭养僧尼,烧香念佛、刻写经书,死后葬于佛寺、火葬,研佛书、通佛理等。这些佛教实践的原因有自己或至亲疾病和死亡、受家庭影响、弘法僧尼的引导、看破红尘、妇女守节、求子和求富贵等。她们信仰佛教给自身、周边人和社会带来了许多重要影响。

On the background of the common customs of Buddish in Song Dynasty,the women believed in Buddish in different class. They had many ways to carry out, such as doing Buddhist nuns, participateing in the feast days of Buddish, building temples, making the figures of Buddha,bringing up the monks and nuns, burn- ing joss sticks and praying to Buddha, writing the sutras, burying temples and cremating, researching the sutras and being well up in the theory; These had some reasons, suah as ailment and death of oneself and folks, the in- fluencement of family, the induction of the monks and nuns, underestimating the fate, women guarding the moral integrity, pursuing the son and riches and honour. The women believing in Buddish had the important influencement of oneself, the around people and the society,