推进科学政策的决策科学化——解读美国科学政策学建设工作

Promoting the scientific decision-making of science policy: the interpretation of the construction of U.S.science of science policy

长期以来,科学政策研究缺乏系统化的理论框架和研究方法体系,导致科学政策的决策过程缺乏有效支撑。美国白宫科技政策办公室自2005年开始,大力倡导并积极推进科学政策研究的学科发展与建设。在美国及国际学界积极响应和参与下,目前已经取得了阶段性成果,2011年5月《科学政策学手册》正式发布。该文基于对美国科学政策学的建设工作的解读,介绍了科学政策学的建设过程和科学政策学的主要内容,探讨了美国积极推进科学政策学发展的启示,并提出了提升我国决策科学化的建议。

For a long time, there was a lack of systematic theoretical framework and methodology in the study of science policy. The U. S. Office of Science and Technology Policy had actively advocated for the Science of Science Policy from 2005. Under the participation and endeavor of the U.S. Federal Government and the academic community, the Science of Science Policy： A Handbook was published in May 2011. This paper present the construction process and main content of Science of Science Policy, and analysis what could be learned from this construction of the Science of Science Policy, and finally put forward some suggestions to promote the scientific deci- sion - making of science policy in China.