1Berwick DM. Health services research and quality of care[J].Med Care, 1989,27(8): 763～771.
2Ebell MH, Smith MA, Seifert DK, et al. The do-not -resuscitate order: Outpatient experience and decision-making preferences[J].J Fam Pract,1990,31(6) :630～634.
3Wu AW. The measure and mismeasure of hospital quality: Appropriate risk-adjustment methods in comparing hospitals[J].Ann Intern Med, 1995,122(2): 149～ 150.
4Ames A, Adkins S, Rutledge D, et al . Assessing work retention issues[J]. J Nursing Admin,1992,22(4) :37～41.
5Weisman CS, Gordon DL, Cassard SD, et al . The effects of unit self-management on hospital nurses work process, work satisfaction, and retention[J]. Med Care,1993,31(5) :381～393.
6Relf M. Increasing job satisfaction and motivation while reducing nursing turnover through implementation of shared governance[J]. Crit Care Nurs,1995,18(3):7～13.
7Gilbert J, Schoolfield J. The outcome index and system outcome score: A method of quality assurance through outcome analysis in the special care area[J]. Int J Clin Monitoring Comput, 1991,8(2) :85～94.
8Sirio CA, Angus DC, Rosenthal GE. Cleveland health quality choice (CHQC)-an ongoing collaborative, community-based outcomes assessment program[J]. New Horizons, 1994,2(3): 321～325.
