试论语式

On Phrasal Construction

语式是指短语的语法结构的格式,即指由一定语法形式显示的表示一定语法意义的短语的结构格式。具体可表述为:由词类序列形式显示的包含句法结构、语义结构以及语用功能的形义匹配的短语结构格式。基干语式是"语型-语模"的结合体,语式自身整体的、独立的语用功能意义称为"语式义"。语式分析,是对某个特定语式的"语型"、"语模"、"语类"(语式义)以及该语式在句子或句式里的应用性进行的分析。笔者在本文中对若干语式作出的构拟和描述,旨在举一反三。

A phrasal construction, abbreviated as P-construction, means a grammatical construction of a phrase, with certain forms for certain meanings. To be specific, it is a form-match-meaning p-construction which is expressed with a string of words, and contains syntactic and semantic structures and pragmatic functions. The basic P-construction is a combination of syntactic and semantic patterns. Its meaning is called P-construction meaning which includes its structural meaning and independent pragmatic functional meaning. The paper also analyzed several P-constructions and made a general sketch and description about them, with the purpose that more scholars may do a similar research.