大学结核病控制工作中的风险沟通理论探讨

Risk communication and tuberculosis control in university settings

结核病是严重威胁我国人群健康的传染病,大学结核病疫情引起社会高度关注。风险沟通作为公共卫生应急处置的重要手段,旨在缩小风险认知差异,引导建立公众理性,在大学结核病疫情处置过程中将发挥重要作用。风险沟通是个体和群体、学校管理各层级之间交换信息和看法的过程,促进相关方之间建立信任,并影响疫情处置效果。风险沟通可以按照与疫情的密切程度来确定沟通对象,计划沟通的频次及深度。做好日常风险沟通工作,以应对突发疫情,未雨绸缪。结核病应急风险沟通,应强调公众参与,及时发布疫情信息,做好舆情监测,关注信息发布强度,利用形式多样的宣传手段,并处理好信息及时性和准确性、科学性和通俗性这两对矛盾。

Tuberculosis （TB） is a serious health threat to China＇s population. The TB epidemics in university have attracted increasing public attention. As a key measure of public health emergency response, risk communication aims to narrow the gap of risk perception and to lead establishment of public reason, which will play an important role in TB control in university. Risk communication is the process to exchange information and views among individuals, groups, and school management at all levels, consequently promote confidence-building among stakeholders, and ultimately affect the outcome of TB epidemic control. Communication targets should be defined according to the extent to which the epidemic affects, so do the communication frequency and depth. Daily risk communication should be implemented well for the preparation of unexpected TB epidemic. Risk communication in TB emergency response should involve public participation, release of epidemic information in time, monitor public opi nions, pay attention to the intensity of information dissemination, launching variety of promotion activities, and balancing： between timeliness and accuracv, scientificalness and popularitv nf information.