从区域试验论广西玉米新品种育种

Study on Present Status of Maize Breeding from Perspectives of Guangxi Maize Regional Trial(GMRT)

对2005-2010年广西玉米区域试验对照种桂单22号(CK1)、正大619(CK2)及49个推荐审定品种的产量、农艺性状、品质和抗性指标进行研究分析。结果表明:推荐审定玉米新品种在区域试验中的产量有较大的突破,多数品种表现中晚熟,高产高抗等性状选育仍有较大潜力,在大斑病、小斑病、锈病、茎腐病方面选育有所突破,而对早熟、耐密、耐旱、耐瘠、抗纹枯病及玉米螟的品种选育要引起足够地重视,也不应忽视对玉米容重性状的选择。提出广西玉米新品种的选育应把品种的丰产性和广适性放在首位,兼顾品种的生育期、容重、出籽率和脱水速率等性状指标。

According to the analysis of the yield and related characteristics of candidate varieties and control in Guangxi Maize Regional Trial（GMRT） from 2005 to 2010,it showed that the candidate varieties as a whole（most are mid-late mature） get preferable increase in yield,and some breakthrough,in resisting the northern blight,the southern blight,stem rot and rust disease,while there are many shortages in other aspects including early mature,enduring high-planting density,enduring drought and lean soil,resisting sheath blight,maize borer,and volume-weight.So the primary objective of Guangxi maize breeding in the future should be high fertility and extensive adaptability with due consideration of some characteristics such as growth period,volume-weight,seed rate and rate of water loss.