胃肠道间质瘤的诊断进展

Advance in Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor

胃肠道间质瘤(GIST)作为最常见的胃肠道间叶源性肿瘤,经常规方法及病理手段可诊断大部分病例,而大部分对酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(如伊马替尼)敏感,部分病例对伊马替尼不敏感,致病机制至今仍不明确。基本的诊断不能满足目前治疗的需要,通过基因突变及表达情况检测可进一步明确诊断,在判定GIST对小分子酪氨酸激酶抑制剂苯磺酸伊马替尼的敏感性方面有指导意义,从而指导靶向治疗。

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor（GIST）is the commonest gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumor,which can be diagnosed definitely by routine method in most cases.Most GIST respond well to tyrosine kinase inhibitors（such as imatinib）,but a substantial percentage do not respond well,and the pathogenic mechanism is not clear yet.Basic diagnosis cannot meet the needs of the present treatment,and gene mutation and expression test may further clarify the diagnosis,which can guide the judgment of GIST sensitivity to imatinib,so as to guide the targeted therapy.