肉毒毒素B在儿童脑性瘫痪中的应用

Application of Botulinum Toxin B in Children with Cerebral Palsy

肉毒毒素(BTX)是由肉毒菌素产生的一种细菌外毒素,是已知最毒的微生物毒素之一。BTX-B是由B型厌氧梭状肉毒芽胞杆菌Bean株产生的神经毒素,BTX-B不干扰内化、易位过程,在细胞基质裂解N-乙基-马来酰亚胺-敏感因子-附着蛋白受体复合物中的囊泡相关膜蛋白,干扰突触囊泡锚靠、融合,从而导致肌肉化学性失神经,降低肌肉痉挛。BTX-B还可适用于对BTX-A无反应以及不随意肌肌紧张的患儿。

Botulinum toxin （BTX） is a protein and neurotoxin produced by the bacterium clostridium bot- ulinum,which is one of the most potent toxins known. BTX acts by blocking neurotransmitter release at the neuromuscular junction. BTX-B is produced by fermentation of the bacterium clostridium botulinum type B （Bean strain）. BTX-B does not interfere internalization, translocation process, but cleaves synaptobrevin, which is a part of a protein complex necessary for proper docking and fusion. BTX-B blocks nerve activity in the muscles, causing a temporary reduction in muscle activity. BTX-B can be used as an effective and power- ful medication. Its efficacy extends to patients who are resistant to BTX-A, and it can be used to treat involun- tary muscle contractions.