余英时的儒家人文主义历史观及其理论价值与困境

YU Ying-shi's Confucian Humanist Historical View and Its Theoretical Value and Dilemma

余英时主张人文主义的历史进化观,反对历史发展规律或历史通则,但承认人类历史发展的共通性或普遍性;强调历史发展的连续性和关联性,认为民族文化的价值传统是很难变化的,反对将现代与传统相对立,认为中国的现代化应当承继儒家传统来实现;主张历史发展多元论,反对各种形式的历史一元论和决定论;认为文化(思想)、政治、经济是社会历史的三大领域,分别具有相对的独立性,在历史发展中各自起着重要作用,其中,思想文化具有特别重要的地位和作用,认同中国儒家文化的现代价值。余英时的儒家人文主义历史观既有重要的学术价值,也存在其理论困境。

YU Ying-shi advocates humanistic historical evolution view, opposing the law of historical development, but admitting universality of the development of human history. He emphasizes historical development of continuity and relevance, believing that ethnic cultural value is difficult to change the tradition, opposing modern and traditional contradiction, claiming that China＇s modernization should inherit the Confucian tradition. He advocates historical pluralism, and opposes all forms of historical determinism and historical monism. He thinks that the social history includes cultural, political, and economic fields, among which ideological culture has important position. He agrees with China Confucian culture of modern value. His humanistic historical view is an important academic value though with its theoretical dilemma.