从科学到政治:全球气候变化问题的政治化

From Science to Politics:The Politicization of the Issue of Global Climate Change

作为一种典型的全球公共问题,全球气候变化问题经历了一个从科学到政治的政治化进程。其初期表现为一系列国际气候会议的频繁召开,后期表现为气候问题进入了"安全化"动议。国际社会对诸如气候变化之类的全球公共问题的政治化操作会产生正反两种效果:正面的政治化有利于该问题获得所需的政治支持;反面的政治化由于在成员国间引起政治争议而内耗了所需的公共资源。因此,应该以一种辩证的观点看待全球公共问题治理进程中的政治化现象。未来的全球气候治理应当凝聚更多的政治共识和行动,而不是一味地相互指责、推卸责任。

As a typical global public issue,the global climate change issue has experienced a politicized process from science to politics.A series of international conferences on climate governance were held in the early days.In the later period,climate change issue entered the realm of securitization.This article argues that,the politicization of global public issue,like climate change,made by the international community could produce both positive and negative effects.The positive effect is that it is good to win the political support for solving the issue.The negative side is that it would waste a lot of public resources,due to the disputes among nations.Therefore,people should take a dialectical point of view on the politicization phenomenon of global public issues and their governance.More political consensus and actions should be cultivated in dealing with global climate change in the future,instead of just resorting to mutual accusation and shirking responsibilities.