从历史教科书看韩国人的中国观——以中韩认知冲突为中心

The South Krean China View as Reflected in History Textbooks:with Conflict of Perception between China and South Korea as Central Point

历史教科书是透视韩国人中国观的窗口,有助于了解韩方在某些中韩认知冲突中的基本立场。研究认为,"文明古国"是韩国人中国观的重要标签,但是,韩国教科书虽承认中国文明对韩国的巨大影响,亦强调韩国并不是全盘照搬中国的传统文化,而是在此基础上进行创造性劳动,形成了具有本国特色的文化。教科书详细描述"中国多次侵略韩国"的"劣行",形成了"霸权国"刻板印象,并作为国家的历史记忆不断传承。在意识形态方面,韩国教科书没有摆脱冷战思维,依然将中国视为"共产化"异己。教科书在间岛问题、长白山问题上的渲染,埋下了中韩领土争端的隐患。

History textbooks show how the South Koreans view China and the basic standpoints of Korea in perception conflicts between these two countries.According to the current middle school textbooks,South Koreans recognize that Chinese civilization had significant effect on Korea while Korea formed unique culture due to its creative endeavors.Korean textbooks emphasize the 'invasions' suffered from China and develop a stereotype of 'hegemony' about China.Ideologically,China is portrayed as communist power.In addition,textbook descriptions of Jiandao and Changbai Mountain issues might lead to more territory conflicts in the future.