佤族野生食用植物资源的民族植物学研究

Ethnobotanical Survey of Wild Food Plants Used by Wa People in Cangyuan County of Yunnan Province

沧源佤族自治县拥有142 820佤族人口,是云南省佤族分布最多的一个县。通过对文献资料的查阅收集和整理,以当地佤族人为向导,运用民族植物学研究方法对沧源野生食用植物资源进行调查。结果表明,沧源佤族民间传统食用野生植物有105种,隶属52科78属。根据民间的食用用途,当地民间野生食用植物可分为野生蔬菜、野果、调味品3种主要类型。其中可作为野生蔬菜食用的有69种,野果有34种,用于调料的植物有8种,野生食用植物以幼嫩枝叶(60.95%)和果类(39.05%)为主。佤族野生食用植物的传统知识,在食物新资源的开发利用方面具有重要的参考价值。

Cangyuan is a Wa people autonomous county in Yunnan province with the Wa population of 142 820.On the basis of literature search and category,with the guidance of local Wa people,the wild food plant resources of Cangyuan county were surveyed using the ethnobotanical methods.It was found that 105 plant species which belong to 52 families and 78 genera were commonly used by local Wa people as food,and could be divided into three categories namely vegetables,fruits and seasonings were 69 species,34 species and 8 species respectively.As far as the part of plant used by local Wa people was concerned,tender shoot or leaf and fruit were the main parts.Wa people lived in Cangyuan county of Yunnan province owned richful indigenous knowledge on wild food plant,which was very important and useful for exploration and utilization of new food plant resources in the future.