松花江哈尔滨段水环境容量价值研究

Value of water environmental capacity in Harbin section of Songhua River

水环境容量是宝贵的资源,具有对接纳污染物的自然缓冲、同化和净化能力,水环境容量具有环境价值,环境容量价值受自然、社会等因素的影响.以松花江哈尔滨段为研究对象,COD为评价因子,采用经济效用模型,并运用层次分析法进行权重赋值,研究该水体的水环境容量价值.结果表明:该水体水环境容量价值主要表现在因利用环境容量而节省的污水处理费用以及产生的经济效益上,总环境容量的价值为94.84亿元/a,其中,节省的污水处理费用为0.67亿元/a,产生的经济效益为94.17亿元/a;松花江哈尔滨段Ⅱ类、Ⅲ类与Ⅳ类水体水环境容量带来的经济效益分别为34.83、48.02、11.32亿元,Ⅲ类水体带来的环境容量价值最大,约占总经济价值的51%。

Taking the section of Songhua River in Harbin for example in this paper,taking COD as evaluation factors,and using the economic utility model and AHP,the water environmental capacity value has been studied.The results show that,due to water capacity,the saved cost of wastewater treatment is 0.067 billion yuan/year,and the economic benefits is 9.417 billion yuan/year.The total value of the environmental capacity is 9.484 billion yuan/year.The economic benefits of the class II,III and IV are 3.483,4.802 and 11.32 billion yuan respectively.The maximum value of the environmental capacity belongs to the Class III water body,and is about 51% of the total economic value.