新疆杂交榛叶片解剖结构研究

The leaf anatomical structure of Xinjiang hybrid hazel

【目的】揭示新疆杂交榛的抗旱解剖特征,为干旱荒漠栽培条件下抗旱品种(系)筛选及抗逆性评价体系的建立提供理论依据。【方法】以12个新疆杂交榛品种(系)叶器官为研究对象,通过切片显微观察、生物学统计分析,比较不同新疆杂交榛品种间的抗旱性差异。【结果】结果表明,12个新疆杂交榛品种(系)在上、下表皮厚度,栅栏组织厚度/叶肉组织厚度,叶片厚度,主脉厚度5项旱生结构指标中均具极显著差异;5项旱生结构指标反映杂交榛各品种(系)抗旱性水平,其灵敏次序依次为:主脉厚度、叶片厚度、下表皮厚度、栅栏组织/叶肉组织、上表皮厚度;12个杂交榛品种(系)的抗旱顺序为:3#>24#>7#>27#>8#>30#>29#>1#>12#>28#>26#>6#;聚类分析表明,新疆杂交榛26#品种为中等抗旱,6#旱生适应性较差,其余品种(系)耐旱性较强。【结论】参试的12个新疆杂交榛品种均具有显著的旱生结构,但是各品种之间抗旱适应性存在较大差异。

【Objective】The study focused on leaf anatomical features related to the resistance of Xinjiang hybrid hazel to drought,which could provide a theoretical basis for the screening of drought varieties（lines） for the arid desert cultivation conditions and for resistance evaluation system.【Method】The leaves of 12 Xinjiang hybrid hazel varieties（lines） were observed by sectioning microscopy and biology statistical analysis,and the drought resistance differences among the varieties were compared as well.【Result】The results showed that among the 12 varieties（lines） there were significant difference in the thickness of upper-epidermis and lower-epidermis,palisade tissue thickness / mesophyll tissue thickness,leaf thickness,and the thickness of the main vein.The five xerophytic structure indicators could reflect the drought resistance level of hazel varieties（lines）,the sensitivity order were as follows： the main vein thickness,leaf thickness,lower-epidermis thickness,palisade / mesophyll tissue,and upper-epidermis thickness.The order of 12 varieties（lines） according to their drought resistance were 3 # 24 # 7 # 27 # 8 # 30 # 29 # 1 # 12 # 28 # 26 # 6 #.The cluster analysis showed that the variety no.26 had moderate drought resistance,while the strain no.6 had weak drought adaptability,and the others had strong resistance to drought.【Conclusion】All the 12 varieties（lines） have significant xerophytic structure,but there are obvious differences in the drought adaptability among varieties.