超声波提取-原子吸收光谱法测定油区土壤中重金属的含量

Determination of heavy metals in soil of oil field by ultrasound-assisted extraction-atomic absorption spectrometry

优化了超声波辅助提取土壤中重金属的条件,建立了原子吸收光谱法测定土壤中Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn的方法。各元素的线性关系良好(r=0.9991～0.9998),检出限为0.002～0.013 mg/L,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.4%～5.8%,加标回收率为92.0%～110%。在优化的超声提取条件下分析标准物质GBW07439,并与湿法消解结果相比较,两种方法的测定值与参考值均相符,但超声提取法速度较快、安全性较好、污染小、试剂消耗少、残渣少。利用该方法分析辽河油田周边土壤中重金属含量,采用单因子污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法评价了土壤受重金属污染的程度。

The condition for determining heavy metals in soil through ultrasound-assisted extraction was optimized,and a method based on atomic absorption spectrometry was established for the determination of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in oil field. Good linearity of the calibration curves was obtained for these elements （r = 0. 9991 -0. 9998）, detection limits were 0. 002 - 0. 013 mg/L, relative standard deviations（RSD） were 1.4% - 5.8%, recoveries were 92. 0% - 110%. The GBW07439 standard reference material was determined under the optimum experimental conditions, and the results were compared with wet digestion, the results of two methods were in good agreement with the reference values. While ultrasound-assisted extraction was fast, safe,minimal contamina- tion,low reagent consumption, and generation of minimal residue or waste. By adopting single-factor index and Nemerow multi-factor index methods, the pollution indices were calculated to assess the pollution extent for soil of oil field. The result indicated that soil was moderate pollution.