乡村妇女在苏维埃革命中的差异性选择——以中央苏区为中心的考察

The Different Choices of Rural Women in the Soviet Revolution——Centered on the Investigation of the Central Soviet Area

苏维埃运动时期,面对前所未有的革命,苏区乡村妇女存在一种明显的差异性选择:既主动追求婚姻自由、积极参与革命,甚至送子送郎当红军;又躲避"解放"、消极应付革命,阻止亲人参加红军。产生这种差异性选择的原因很复杂,战争环境、党在政策上的某些偏差、传统社会心理与社会习俗的影响,以及乡村妇女和中共在革命认知上的差异都是其中的重要因素。为解决这一问题,中共和苏维埃政府一方面加强与改进对妇女工作的领导,调整有关政策;另一方面强化舆论宣传,使之树立革命观念。

In the period of the Soviet movement, facing an unprecedented revolution, women in the Soviet Area existed a different choice： actively pursue marriage freedom, participate in the revolution, even sent their sons and husbands to the Red Army and at the same time avoid the ＂liberation＂, passively cope with the revolution and even prevent their beloved ones to participate the Red Army. The reason for that different choice was very complex. The war environment, some deviations from the Party＇ s policy, the impact of traditional social psychol- ogy and social customs, as well as rural women and the CPC＇ s cognitive differences to revolution were important factors among them. To solve this problem, the CPC and the Soviet government on one hand strengthened and improved the leadership to women＇ s work and adjusted relevant policies ; on the other hand, strengthened the propaganda to establish a revolutionary concept.