从“西学东渐”到“中学西进”——当代中国哲学学者的历史使命

From the “Dissemination of Western Learning to the East” to the “Advance of Chinese Learning to the West” ——Historical Mission of Contemporary Scholars of Chinese Philosophy

讨论当代中国哲学学者的历史使命,"西学东渐"是绕不开的话题。"西学东渐"的观念实质是由现代性的、文明的西方来改造前现代的、不文明的中国。这种观念应接受批判性的反思。现代中国学者对于"西学东渐"的态度分为三个递进的阶段——形下的反应性的吸纳;形上的对应性的比照;全面的回应性的融通,最终进入对本源性思想视域的追溯,即在当下共在的生活情境的渊源上重建中国哲学,以解决当今世界社会现实生活中的种种问题。今天,"西学东渐"已经或者正在成为历史,学术界应当考虑"中学西进"的问题了。所谓"中学西进",意谓一种当代原创的中国哲学、中国学术、中国文化反过来向西方传播,且在一定程度上被西方接受,甚至为西方所主动寻求。这是当代中国哲学学者的历史使命。为此,首先需要建构一种当代原创的中国哲学:超越前现代主义、现代主义、后现代主义的思想视域,超越中西对立的思维模式,回归当下存在,回归生活,重建形而上学,重建形而下学(知识论、伦理学)。

For discussion of the historical mission of contemporary scholars of Chinese philosophy, the ＂dissemination of Western learning to the East＂ is an unavoidable question. The essence of the idea ＂dissemination of Western learning to the East＂ is to let the preodern and uncivilized China be transformed by the modern and civilized West. Such a notion should be critically reflected. Modern Chinese scholars＇ attitude towards the ＂dissemination of Western learning to the East＂ can be divided into three progressive stages： reflexive acceptance in physical level; homologous comparison in metaphysical level; all-around responsive fusion, and finally a pursuit of the original horizon of thinking; that is to say, to reconstruct Chinese philosophy on the basis of the immediate coexistent living situation in order to solve the problems of the real life in today＇s world. At present, the ＂dissemination of Western learning to the East＂ has become or is becoming the past. What we should consider now is the issue of ＂advance of Chinese learning to the West＂. The so-called ＂advance of Chinese learning to the West＂ implies that the Chinese philosophy, learning and culture created in contemporary era in turn spread into the West and are also accepted by Western world to some extent or even are pursued by the Westerners. This is the mission for contemporary scholars of Chinese philosophy. To this end, we need to construct a kind of contemporary and original Chinese philosophy which surpasses the horizons of pre-modernism, modernism and post-modernism, surpasses the thinking pattern of Sino-West contradiction, and returns to the immediate Being and to life, so as to reconstruct metaphysics and physics.