急性心肌梗死住院患者发生医院感染的相关危险因素分析

Related risk factors for nosocomial infections in hospitalized patients with acute myocardial infarction

目的分析急性心肌梗死(AMI)住院患者发生医院感染的相关危险因素,以便制定相应预防措施。方法对医院收治的AMI并发医院感染患者的病历资料进行回顾性分析。结果整理、查阅AMI患者病历1739例,发生医院感染148例,AMI医院感染发病率为8.51%;发生感染部位呼吸道感染59例、尿路感染36例、皮肤软组织感染28例、消化道感染13例,其他12例,其中单一部位感染143例,≥2个部位感染5例;对148例AMI医院感染患者相关因素分析中,年龄、性别、住院天数、合并慢性基础疾病、抗菌药物应用、侵入性操作和免疫抑制剂、激素应用与医院感染发病明显相关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 AMI患者发生医院感染危险因素较多,发生率较高,对AMI患者的侵入性操作和抗菌药物应用等危险因素等应引起高度重视。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the related risk factors for nosocomial infections in the hospitalized patients with acute myocardial infarction,so as to put for ward to correspending prevention measures.METHODS The clinical data of the AMI patients complicated by nosocomial infections were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS Of 1739 AMI patients investigated,nosocomial infections occurred in 148 patients with the incidence of 8.51%;there were 59 patients with respiratory tract infections,36 cases with urinary tract infections,28 cases with skin and soft tissue infections,13 cases with gastrointestinal infections and 12 cases of others;there were 143 cases with single site infections and 5 cases with two or more than two site infections;among the related factors for nosocomial infections in 148 cases of AMI patients,the age,gender,length of hospital stay,chronic underlying diseases,use of antibiotics,invasive procedures,and the use of immunosuppressive agents or hormone were significantly correlated with the incidence of nosocomial infections,the differences were statistically significant（P0.01）.CONCLUSION There are so many factors leading to the nosocomial infections,the incidence is so high that it is necessary to attach great importance to the risk factors including the invasive operation and the use of antibiotics.