广西96所医疗机构医务人员锐器伤调查分析

Investigation and analysis of sharp instrument injuries of medical staff from 96 medical institutions in Guangxi

目的了解广西医疗机构医务人员锐器伤发生情况,为制定锐器伤防护措施及向卫生行政部门提供决策依据。方法在2011年9月以问卷形式对接触锐器的医务人员发生锐器伤进行调查,全部数据输入锐器伤基线调查系统。结果 96所医院参与调查,共调查40842名医务人员,其中2522人报告锐器伤,发生率6.18%,其中护士的发生率达到8.08%;发生锐器伤工作年限以21～25年的人群最高,发生率达到8.71%;注射器和输液器针头是引起锐器伤的最常见器具,构成比分别达到27.24%和23.71%;发生锐器伤的环节中拔除静脉输液针头的构成比达到14.54%;而在3331人次的锐器伤中,仅有479人次按处置流程向相关主管部门报告,主动报告率为14.38%。结论医院医务人员对锐器伤的重视程度不足,需加强宣传提高医务人员对锐器伤的正确认识,加强重点科室重点人群锐器伤防护和培训,并通过制定相关措施降低锐器伤的发生率。

OBJECTIVE To understand the distribution and risk factors of sharp injuries among the healthcare workers of Guangxi.METHODS The sharp injuries that occurred in Sep 2011 were investigated by using a questionnaire form.All the data were input into the sharp injuries baseline investigation system.RESULTS Totally 96 hospitals were involved in the survey.Of totally 40 842 medical staff investigated,2552 cases with sharp injuries were reported with the incidence rate of 6.18%.The incidence rate of the sharp injuries in the nurses was 8.08%.The highest incidence was 8.71% among those staffs who had 21 to 25-year working experience.The syringe and infusion needle were the most common sharp instruments to cause the sharp injuries,accounting for 27.24% and 23.71%,respectively.14.54% of the sharp injuries occurred during the procedure of removing intravenous infusion needle.Of 3331 case-times of sharp injuries,only 479 case-times were reported to the chief authorities with initiative report rate of 14.38%.CONCLUSION The medical staff show insufficient awareness to the sharp injuries,it is necessary to improve the awareness of the medical staff to the sharp injuries,intensify the training of the protection of sharp injuries among the key population in the key departments,and develop relevant measures to reduce the incidence of sharp injuries.