下呼吸道感染的抗菌药物应用分析

Application of antibiotics for treatment of lower respiratory tract infections

目的调查和评价下呼吸道感染抗菌药物的使用情况,以指导临床合理用药。方法回顾性分析某医院2008年1月-2010年12月405例下呼吸道感染患者的抗菌药物治疗情况。结果头孢菌素类、喹诺酮类、大环内酯类是下呼吸感染使用最多的3大类抗菌药物;抗菌药物单用的101例占24.94%,二联应用280例占69.14%,三联应用24例占5.93%;405例患者中有158例送痰标本做细菌培养,送检率为39.01%,其中只有38例阳性,阳性率为24.40%。结论该医院下呼吸道感染的治疗,以经验性抗感染治疗为主,病原学检查重视不够,应加强管理。

OBJECTIVE To monitor and evaluate the application of antibiotics for the lower respiratory tract infections,so as to guide the reasonable clinical medication.METHODS A retrospective investigation was conducted for the application of antibiotics for the treatment of 405 patients with lower respiratory tract infections from Jan 2008 to Dec 2010.RESULTS The main types of antibiotics which were frequently used were cephalosporins,quinolones,and macrolides.There were 101（24.94%） cases of single-joint administration,280（69.14%） cases of the two-drug combination,and 24（5.93%）cases of the three-drug combination.There were 158 of 405 patients whose sputum specimens were submitted for the bacterial culture with the submission rate of 39.01%,among which 38 cases were cultured positive with the positive rate of 24.40%.CONCLUSION The empirical anti-infection treatment is the main therapy for the lower respiratory tract infections,and great attention should be paid to the etiology examination.