核电数字化控制系统安全综述

Control System Security in Nuclear Power Plant

核电站控制系统的数字化和联网化,在提高控制性能、方便操作维护的同时,也带来新的安全漏洞。特别是通用的协议、软件和设备正逐步取代原有的专用系统,这导致系统安全漏洞更容易被利用。而控制系统与现实世界直接相互作用,一旦出现安全问题,将威胁人身健康和环境安全,破坏关键基础设施,甚至危及国家安全。通过详细评述近年来数起与核电相关的控制系统安全事件,总结归纳控制系统安全的重要意义和难点问题。结合现有的研究成果,分析展望了有学术价值的研究方向。

The digitalization and networking of control systems in nuclear power plants has brought significant improvements in system control,operation and maintenance.However,the highly digitalized control system also introduces additional security vulnerabilities.Moreover,the replacement of conventional proprietary systems with common protocols,software and devices makes these vulnerabilities easy to be exploited.Through the interaction between control systems and the physical world,security issues in control systems impose high risks on health,safety and environment.These security issues may even cause damages of critical infrastructures and threaten national security.The importance of control system security by reviewing several control system security incidents that happened in nuclear power plants was showed in recent years.Several key difficulties in addressing these security issues were described.Finally,existing researches on control system security and propose several promising research directions were reviewed.