夜间呼吸时相的周期及形态特点与心率变异的关系

Relationship between cycle and morphological characteristics of nighttime respiratory method and heart rate variability

目的探讨夜间呼吸时相的周期及形态特点与心率变异的关系。方法对66例被试者用标准指导语控制5次/min,10次/min,15次/min均匀呼吸调节指导,同步用动态生理参数记录仪记录心电和呼吸波型。结果呼吸调节的周期变化和心率的RR间期变化完全同步。夜间存在4种不同呼吸模式:连续规则形呼吸节律,纺锤形呼吸节律,单次不规则形呼吸节律,连续不规则形呼吸节律。结论连续规则形呼吸节律,纺锤形呼吸节律符合呼吸性窦性心律不齐的描述和机制。单次不规则形呼吸节律,连续不规则形呼吸节律不符合呼吸性窦性心律不齐的描述和机制,可能存在另外的窦性心律不齐机制。因此,由呼吸引起的HRV变化是否完全反映心血管自主神经平衡调节的变化,还需要更多的探讨。

Objective To discuss the relationship between cycle and morphological characteris- tics of nighttime respiratory method and heart rate variability. Methods Standard instructions were given to 66 testers to control uniform respiration frequency of 5 breath/min, 10 breath/rain and 15 breath/min, and electrocardiograph waves and respiratory waves were synchronous recorded by dynamic physiological parameter recorder. Results Cycle of respiratory regulation was fully synchronized with RR interval. Four types of respiratory methods were found： continuous regular respiratory rhythm, spindle-shaped re- spiratory rhythm, single irregular respiratory rhythm and continuous irregular respiratory rhythm. Conclu- sions Continuous regular respiratory rhythm and spindle-shaped respiratory rhythm were corresponded to the description and mechanism of respiratory sinus arrhythmia. Single irregular respiratory rhythm and continuous irregular respiratory rhythm were not corresponded to the description and mechanism of respir- atory sinus arrhythmia, other mechanisms of sinus arrhythmia might exist. Therefore, more discussion are necessary to find out whether HRV changes caused by respiratory can fully reflect cardiovascular auto- nomic nerves balance adjustment changes.