非洲菊切花水分平衡、鲜重变化和瓶插寿命的关系探究

Study on Water Balance,Fresh Weight Change and Vase Life of Gerbera jamesonii Cut Flowers

为提高瓶插非洲菊切花的品质,延长瓶插寿命,研究了不同配方保鲜液处理的非洲菊切花的水分平衡、鲜重变化、鲜重变化率和瓶插寿命各指标的变化规律及其关系。结果表明,处理2(蒸馏水+30 g/L蔗糖+200 mg/L 8-HQ+150 mg/L CA+75 mg/L KH2PO4)、处理3(蒸馏水+30 g/L蔗糖+200 mg/L8-HQ+150 mg/L CA+50 mg/L NaHPO4.2H2O)的保鲜剂配方保鲜效果为好,尤以处理2配方的保鲜效果最佳,瓶插寿命是对照(蒸馏水处理)的2.4倍,达到12 d以上。处理2、3非洲菊切花的瓶插寿命与水分平衡值、鲜重变化率分别呈线性和多项式回归关系,二者的水分平衡值与瓶插寿命的相关系数分别为R=0.984 5和R=0.989 5,鲜重变化率与瓶插寿命的相关系数分别为R=0.994 3和R=0.995 5;处理2、3分别在4.351、4.247 d时的水分平衡值为0,在6.633、6.526 d时切花花枝占最初的质量百分数为100%,这些参数为非洲菊切花的瓶插保鲜提供了重要的理论依据。

In order to improve the quality of cut gerbera flower and prolong the vase life, the changes of water balance, fresh weight change, the rate of fresh weight change and vase life of each index of different formulations of preservative treatment of cut gerhera flower and their relationship were studied. The results showed that, the preservation effects of the second treatment formulation （distilled water＋30 g/L sucrose＋200 mg/L 8-HQ＋150 mg/L CA＋75 mg/L KH2PO4） and the third treatment formulation（distilled water ＋30 g/L sucrose＋200 mg/L 8-HQ＋150 mg/L CA＋50 mg/L NaHPO4·2H2O） were good. In particular, the preservation effect of the second formulation treatment was the best, and its vase life was 2.4 times that of the control group （distilled water treatment） and achieved more than 12 days. The vase life and water balance, the rate of fresh weight change of cut gerbera flower with the second and third treatment formulation were linear and polynomial regression relationship respectively. The correlation coefficients of value of water balance and vase life were R= 0.984 5 and R=0.989 5 respectively, the correlation coefficients of fresh weight change rate and vase life were R=0.994 3 and R=0.995 5, the value of water balance was zero of the second and third treatment formulation respectively after 4.351 and 4.247 days, cut flowers for the initial mass fraction was 100% respectively after 6.633 and 6.526 days, and these parameters provided important theoretical basis to the cut gerbera flower vase preservation.