中国大学生龙舟男子500m直道途中坐姿划桨技术的运动学分析

Kinesiologival Analysis on the Technical Move of Paddling in Seated Positions of Chinese College Students in Men 500 m Dragon Boat Direct Match

对2006年首届、2009年第三届、2011年第四届中国大学生龙舟锦标赛男子直道500m前3名运动队途中划桨三次现场双机同步二维平面拍摄,运用SIMI motion7.50生物力学解析系统解析,拟揭示途中划桨技术的运动学特征。结果表明:抓水阶段是动力阶段,该阶段桨的入水角度小,抓水猛、稳、准,桨面与舟前进法线的夹角减小;拉水阶段的动作特点是拉桨快而深,划距增大,该阶段需要调整合理浆频和划距;提桨要巧,动作要快,幅度要小;外摆阶段空中划摆快,举桨、撑桨幅度增大;举插阶段桨摆动角速度变小,舟速从最小舟速开始增加;整个途中划姿不变,桨频为中桨频;人体在垂直方向的变化很小,主要为水平方向上近匀速的运动,平均速度为6.02m/s,T抓水∶T拉水∶T提桨∶T外摆∶T举插=5∶6∶4∶6∶4,节奏分明,周期0.7ls。旨在为龙舟划桨技术改进提供参考。

By using the two-dimensional motion system of two synchronous cameras, this paper made video camera at three sites on nine elite male athletes who participated in 500m preliminary match of 2006, 2009, 2011 Chinese College Students Games and analyzed it by the special SIMI motion 7.50 software to explore how to improve the stroke effect. It is showed that this stage is the power stage. The angle of the paddle into the water decreases and the grasping water is fierce, steady, accurate. The pulling paddle is fast, deep, the stroke length increases, the plasma frequency and distance are adjusted reasonably. Lifting Paddle needs to be smart, fast, and a small range; air act is fast, the average angular velocity increases. The distance of lifting and supporting paddle increases, Way to draw the same position, still in the propeller blade frequency band, and the characteristics of the actual capacity of each team match. Boat displacement, human displacement, speed boat speed have very small changes in the vertical direction, mainly reflected relatively in the horizontal direction, average speed of 6. 02 m/s or so, T catch the water phase： T pull the water phase： T put oar in the water phase： T air outside the swing phase： T=5 ： 6 ： 4 ： 6 ： 4, and the rowing cycle time is 0. 71 seconds. It aims to provide reference for the technical improvement of rowing paddle.