安徽绿豆种苗外植体离体培养的形态反应

MORPHOGENETIC RESPORSES FROM IN VITRO CULTURED SEEDLING EXPLANTS OF ANHUI NATIVE MUNG BEAN (VIGNA RADIATA WI-LCZEK CVS ANHUI)

接种暗发芽24—48小时的安徽地方品种“明绿”绿豆子叶和子叶带去顶胚于无激素的MS培养基中,有根、枝条和小植株的分化,发芽的外植体分化能力为24>36>48小时。在基本培养基中加入不同植物激素,对枝叶分化和根的形成有不同影响。离体子叶从远轴处切去1/3仍可以分化根和芽;切去号则不再分化根和芽,只有愈伤组织形成和生长。作者认为,发芽24时绿豆进行物理或化学诱变,可能最有效。

Six Anhui native mung bean cultivars originated in different ecological areas of Anhui Province were used as experimental materials. The hypocotyls of the 7—8 days seedlings of 6 mung bean cultivars, and the epicotyls or leaves of 7—8 days seedlings of mung bean cultivar 'Minglu' were cultured in vitro on MS media with different proportions of plant growth regulators, NAA, IAA, BA. All of the explants only produced callus and did not form roots, buds or plantlets on those meaia. The callus produced from 'Minglu' hypocotyls could not form the root, bud or plantlet on MS media with various phytohormones (BA, KT, ZT, 2ip, IAA, ABA) singly or combinedly during the 60 days of culture. The cotyledon or cotyleaon with deapex embryo axis of 'Minglu' Seedlings germinated in dark for 24, 36, or 48 hrs formed roots, shoots and plantlets on MS medium without plant growth regulator. The explants germinated in dark for 24 hrs gave more roots, shoots or plantlets than those of 36hr or 48hr explants. Addition of BA (10μM) to MS induced shoot differentiation and inhibited root formation. When MS was supplemented with NAA, the explants produced a turf of roots, but shoot growth was inhibited. The cotyledon, cut off one third from the terminal end of cotyledon formed roots or buds, but the cotyledon cut off two thirds from the terminal end of cotyledon could not produce organ and only formed callus. It suggests that the physical or chemical factors Of inducing mutation are very effective on the mung bean and varient explants can proliferate rapidly and form plantlets during the 24hr germination time.