铝基碳化硅精密铣削刀具磨损实验研究

Experimental research on the tool wear during precision milling process of SiC_p/Al composite materials

针对铝基碳化硅切削加工中刀具易磨损、寿命低、切削难度大和加工成本高等问题,选用不同材料的硬质合金铣刀及金刚石铣刀进行切削加工实验,并利用扫描电镜和工具显微镜对高体积分数铝基碳化硅铣削时刀具磨损形态进行了分析研究.研究表明:硬质合金刀具前刀面和刃口磨损主要形式为粘结磨损和微崩刃,后刀面磨损主要为刻划磨损,而金刚石铣刀加工时刀具磨损很小;YG6X铣刀材料微观组织致密,抗磨损能力较强,宜粗加工时选用;金刚石刀体的硬度远大于SiC颗粒,且金刚石与工件的摩擦系数小,金刚石铣刀寿命远大于硬质合金铣刀,宜精加工时选用.

For the problem of serious tool wear, short tool life and high cost during the milling process of SiCp/ A1 composite materials, the wear patterns of carbide alloy cutters and diamond tool were investigated with scanning electron microscopy and microscope. The results showed that the main form of rake face wear and cutting edge failure were adhesive wear and chipping tip, the main form of flank wear was scratching, and the wear of PCD was very tiny. The material of YG6X cutter is dense, so it is wear resistant and should be used for rough machining, the PCD tool is harder than SiC particles and the coefficient of friction between PCD tool and work- piece is small, the life of diamond carbide milling cutter is much larger than that of the carbide alloy tools, so PCD tool is usually used for precision machining.