皮下脂肪组织创伤后脂肪细胞的变化

Changes of mature adipocytes after incision injury of subcutaneous adipose tissue

目的观察脂肪组织创伤愈合的情况,探讨成熟脂肪细胞的变化。方法以杜洛克母猪为实验动物,用滚轴取皮刀在其背部制作脂肪组织切割伤皮瓣,大体观察伤后1、2、4及12周的愈合情况。并于伤后3、7、14及21 d在皮瓣中央处取材,观察切缘及周围成熟脂肪细胞的形态学改变,用酶联免疫吸附法和免疫组织化学方法检测脂肪组织中瘦素和脂联素的表达情况。结果脂肪组织切割伤组皮瓣中央与未创伤处皮肤无异,但皮瓣边缘早期有明显炎症反应,后期则呈典型的疤痕生长。组织学观察发现:脂肪组织创伤后,仍以纤维化愈合为主,但愈合过程中,炎症反应的局灶性及小脂肪细胞出现呈现一定的规律性;与未创伤组相比,脂肪组织创伤后其瘦素及脂联素的表达量均呈下降趋势,但两者的比值在愈合的过程中存在差异。结论脂肪组织创伤后,脂肪细胞表面瘦素及脂联素的表达量下降。早期创缘附近出现大量的小脂肪细胞,可能与脂肪分解有关。

Objective To investigate the changes of mature adipocytes after incision injury in subcutaneous adipose tissue. Methods Wound model was induced by incised flaps on the back of female red Duroc pigs （FRDP） using roller dermatome. The megascopic morphological changes of flaps were observed at week 1, 2, 4 and 12. The samples in the center of flaps were harvested at day 3, 7, 14 and 21; the morphological changes of incisal edge and associated mature adipocytes were observed; the expression of leptin and adiponectin of incised subcutaneous adipose tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry and ELISA methods. Results The center of flaps in incised adipose tissue showed no difference compared with the unwounded tissue, but the evident inflammation developed in its edges and resolved in scar formation eventually. Furthermore, histological outcomes of wound areas in adipose tissue revealed the collagen deposition and the localized inflammation or small adipocytes appearing, showing the wound healing in incised adipose tissue. The expression of leptin and adiponectin were decreased, and the ratio of leptin to adiponection varied along the tissue repair. Conclusion The appearing of small adipocytes in the incised edge and decreased expression of leptin and adiponectin in adipocytes after adipose tissue injury may be associated with the lipolysis.